Air Conditioning and Heating System

HVAC or heating, ventilating and air-conditioning system is mainly an indoor product which is used by humans for comforting the environment. This term is derived from the course of Mechanical physics and its roots lie in Thermodynamics, Fluid Dynamics and Heat transfer.

HVAC is very common and a vital product considered now-a-days. It is mainly used in buildings like sky scrappers and many aquariums as well. The function it mainly performs is the regulation and control of humidity and temperature and to bring in cool and fresh air so as to make the environment more suitable for people to breathe in.

Functions of HAVC:

There are three most important functions that HAVC performs which are discussed as follows:

1. Heating:

Heating atmosphere is mainly required in cold weather to maintain adequate room temperature.

Types of heating system:

A. Central heating System:

Central Heating System is used in houses and buildings in cold weather to keep the temperature of the room hot. For this function Boiler, furnace or Heat pumps are used to heat the water or the room in central location such as furnace rooms in houses or mechanical rooms in large buildings.

Providing Heat through Water:

Heat can be provided by using water in the system which is known as Hydronics. In this system ducts for the air to be forced in or pipes to distribute the heating fluid and radiators to transfer this heat to the air.

Providing Heat through Electricity:

Heating of rooms in houses and buildings can also be done through electricity or resistance heating.

In resistance heating filaments are used that become hot when an electric current is passed through them.

This type of heating system is mainly used in different categories of heaters such as Baseboard Heaters and Portable electric heaters. This type of heating system can also be used as a backup for heat pumps or in reverse heating system.

B. Ventilation:

Ventilation is named after the process in which there is a cross movement of hot and cool and fresh air to control temperature, remove moisture such as smoke, heat dust or replenish oxygen.

Cool and fresh air is lighter as compared to hot air. So it always replaces the hot air and this process is named as ventilation. It is one of the most important factors for regulating humid and moist environment.

Types of ventilating systems:

There are two types of ventilating systems. They are:

A. Mechanical or forced ventilation:

It uses air handlers to control humidity and indoor air quality.

B. Natural ventilation:

Natural ventilation uses exhaust fans as a measure of ventilation. People can also use ventilators and can attach them on their windows.

C. Air Conditioning:

Air conditioning system can be formed by the removal of heat which uses the basic process of heat conviction, radiation, heat cooling, and condensation or may use the refrigeration cycle. Air conditioner provides ventilation, cooling and humidity control all at the same time in the building.